Jia Yi 賈誼 (d. 168 BC) was not only a famous poet of the Han period 漢, but also a loyal minister to Emperor Wendi 漢文帝. For some guilt, he was banished to the south and saw himself in the tradition of Qu Yuan 屈原, a minister of the state of Chu 楚 whose warnings against the state of Qin 秦 were disrespected. In his book Xinshu, Jia Yi undertakes an investigation into the art of government. The first chapter explains the reasons why the first empire of China, the Qin Dynasty 秦, was destinated to dissolve. Source: Contents 1a.-b. 過秦上下 Guoqin A-B 2. 宗首 Zongshou 3.數寧 Shuning 4.藩傷 Fanshang 5.藩彊 Fanqiang 6.大都 Liudu 7.等齊 Dengqi 8.服疑 Fuyi 9.益壤 Yirang 10.權重 Quanzhong 11.五美 Wumei 12.制不定 Zhibuding 13.審微 Shenwei 14.階級 Jieji 15.俗激 Sujiao 16.時變 Shibian 17.瑰瑋 Guihui 18.孽產子 Niechanzi 19.銅布 Tongbu 20.壹通 Yitong 21.屬遠 Shuyuan 22.親危亂 QinXX weiluan 23.憂民 Youmin 24.解縣 Jiexian 25.威不信 Weibuxin 26.匈奴 Xiongnu 27.勢卑 Shibei 28.淮難 Huainan 29.無蓄 Wuchu 30.鑄錢 Zhuqian 31.傅職 Fuzhi 32.保傅 Baofu 33.連語 Lianyu 34.輔佐 Fuzuo 35.問孝 Wenxiao 36.禮 Li 37.容經 Rongjing 38.春秋 Chunqiu 39.先醒 Xianxing 40.耳痺 Erbi 41.諭誠 Yucheng 42.退讓 Tuirang 43.君道 Jundao 44.官人 Guanren 45.勸學 Quanxue 46.道術 Daoshu 47.六術 Liushu 48.道德說 Daodeshuo 49a.大政上下 Dazheng A-B 50a.脩政語上下 Youzhengyu A-B 51a.禮容語上下 Lirongyu A-B 52.胎教 Taijiao 53.立後義 Lihouyi

Exemplarious translation: 1.過秦上 秦孝公據崤函之固，擁雍州之地，君臣固守，以窺周室，有席卷天下，包舉宇內，囊括四海之意，并吞八荒之心。當是時也，商君佐之，內立法度，務耕織，脩守戰之具；外連衡而鬥諸侯，於是秦人拱手而取西河之外 。 The faults of Qin (1) Duke Xiao the Filial (r. 361-318 BC) was able to control the region of Yongzhou thanks to the safety of the Hangu Pass in the Yao Mountain Ridge. His ministers followed him in loyalty and assisted him making conspirations against the weak house of Eastern Zhou. The Duke wanted to take away the whole world, wrapping it into his mat of prey, he wanted to grasp the whole universe by his power and to seize the Four Seas into his bag, devouring the eight cardinal points. During that time, Lord Shang was his counsillor, advising the duke to issue laws and measures, to let people engage in agriculture and in weaving, to renew the army and its strategies, and to make coalitions with the states of Qi and Chu to defeat the other feudal lords. Thereupon, the state of Qin could occupy the territory west of the Yellow River bend, almost without any effort... Translated by Ulrich Theobald.