Qian Liu 錢鏐 (posthumous Wu-Yue Wusuwang 吳越武肅王 - see titles of emperors) was regional inspector (cishi 刺史) of Hangzhou 杭州, later military commissionary (jiedushi 節度使) of Zhenhai 鎮海 and Donghai 東海. In 902 he was officially enfeoffed as king of Yue 越, in 907 as king of Wu and Yue 吳越. His successors tried several times to gain territory from the empire of Min in the south. After the Song 宋 empire had defeated the neighboring state of Southern Tang (Nantang 南唐) in 975, emperor Qian Chu 錢俶 (posthumous Wu-Yue Zhongyiwang 吳越忠懿王) submitted to the new ruler of China. During the long rule of Qian Liu, his son Qian Guan 錢瓘 (posthumous Wu-Yue Wenmuwang 吳越文穆王) and his grandson Qian Chu the Wu-Yue empire enjoyed a period of internal and external peace that provided the chance for economical prosperity. Silk, paper, and porcelain were famous products of this region. The location at the sea offered the possibility for international trade with Japan, the northeastern regions and southeast Asia. See also titles of rulers (dynastic titles are not listed here). Rulers of Wu-Yue 吳越 (907-978) Capital: Hangzhou 杭州/modern Zhejiang temple name -----reign periods personal name Wu-Yue Wusuwang 吳越武肅王 907-931 -----Tianbao 天寶 908-912 -----Baoda 寶大 924-925 -----Baozheng 寶正 926-931 Qian Liu 錢鏐 Wu-Yue Wenmuwang 吳越文穆王 932-941 Qian Yuanguang 錢元瓘 (or Chuanguan 傳瓘) Wu-Yue Zhongxianwang 吳越忠獻王 941-946 Qian Hongzuo 錢宏佐 (or Zuo 佐) Wu-Yue Zhongxunwang 吳越忠遜王 947 Qian Hongzong 錢宏倧 (or Zong 倧) Wu-Yue Zhongyiwang 吳越忠懿王 948-978 Qian Hongchu 錢俶 (or Chu 俶) 978 Wu-Yue conquered by Song 宋.

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