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Qizhi 七志

Jan 4, 2020 © Ulrich Theobald

Qizhi 七志, also called Jinshu qizhi 今書七志, was a bibliography compiled by Wang Jian 王儉 (452-489), courtesy name Zhongbao 仲寶, posthumous title Wenxiangong 文憲公, during the Liu-Song period 劉宋 (420-479).

Wang held the office of Vice Director of the Palace Library (mishu cheng 秘書丞) and was a supporter of Xiao Daocheng 蕭道成 (r. 479-482), founder of the (Southern) Qi dynasty 南齊 (479-502). The new emperor made him Director of the Imperial Secretariat (shangshu ling 尚書令), Supervisor of the Palace Secretariat (zhongshu jian 中書監), and bestowed him the title of General Securing the Halls (zhendian jiangjun 鎮殿將軍). The fragments of his collected writings are called Wang Wenxian ji 王文憲集.

During his time as Vice Director, Wang compiled a catalogue of the imperial library called Song Yuanhui sibu shumu 宋元徽四部書目, as well as the private catalogue Qizhi. The latter was structured like the Han-period catalogue Qilüe 七略 by Liu Xin 劉歆, according to which a book corpus was divided into seven categories, namely classical texts (Jingdian zhi 經典志, including Confucian Classics and commentaries, books on lexicography and historiographical writings), masters and philosophers (Zhuzi zhi 諸子志), belles-lettres (Wenhan zhi 文翰志), military writings (Junshu zhi 軍書志), Yin-Yang divination and apocryphal texts (Yinyang zhi 陰陽志), books on mantic and magic arts (Shuyi zhi 術藝志), and books with figures and charts (Tupu zhi 圖譜志). Writings of Buddhism and religious Daoism were sorted into two appendices (Daojing lu 道經錄, Fojing lu 佛經錄), actually making out nine categories.

The category Tupu was a new one. Another novelty was the separation of religous writings which was imitated by Ruan Xiaoxu's 阮孝緒 (479-536) catalogue Qilu 七錄. For each book, Wang Jian added brief information on the author.

Wang's catalogue of 40 juan length is lost, but some information on its structure has survived in the preface of Ruan's Qilu as well as that of the bibliographical chapter Jingji zhi 經籍志 of the official dynastic history Suishu 隋書.

Table 1. Contents of the Qizhi 七志
經典志 Jingdian zhi Classical texts, including Confucian Classics and commentaries, books on lexicography and historiographical writings
諸子志 Zhuzi zhi Masters and philosophers
文翰志 Wenhan zhi Belles-lettres
軍書志 Junshu zhi Military writings
陰陽志 Yinyang zhi Yin-Yang divination and apocryphal texts
術藝志 Shuyi zhi Books on mantic and magic arts
圖譜志 Tupu zhi Books with figures and charts
道經錄 Daojing lu Writings of religious Daoism
佛經錄 Fojing lu Buddhist writings
Sources:
Cao Jirong 曹繼榮, ed. (1992). Jiancheng hecheng cidian 簡稱合稱詞典 (Zhengzhou: Henan remin chubanshe), 253.
Chen Zhihong 陳志宏 (1984). "Wang Jian yu Qizhi 王儉與《七志》", Tushuguanxue yanjiu 圖書館學研究", 1984 (2).
Guo Junlin 郭軍林 (1988). "Wang Jian Qizhi chengshu niandai kao 王儉《七志》成書年代考", Guangdong Tushuguan xuekan 廣東圖書館學刊, 1988 (6).
Jin Aihong 靳愛紅 (2013). "Wang Jian Qizhi: Sizhuan mulu de kaiduan 王儉《七志》——私撰目錄的開端", Tushuguan xuekan 圖書館學刊, 2013 (1).
Liao Mingde 廖銘德 (2005). "Wang Jian Qizhi yu Ruan Xiaoxu Qilu bijiao yanjiu 王儉《七志》與阮孝緒《七錄》比較研究", Shaoguan Xueyuan xuebao (Shehui kexue ban) 韶關學院學報(社會科學版), 2005 (7).
Luo Yousong 羅友松 (1983). "Wang Jian Qizhi duandai mulushuo zhiyi 王儉《七志》斷代目錄說質疑", Tushuguan zazhi 圖書館雜志, 1983 (6).
Shen Dan 沈丹 (2010). "Lun mulu de chuanlu tiyu Wang Jian de Qizhi 論目錄的傳錄體育王儉的《七志》", Chuancheng 傳承, 2010 (12).
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Tang Guirong 唐貴榮, ed. (1997). Zhongguo shumu jiansuo cidian 中國書目檢索辭典 (Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou guji chubanshe), 212.
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Wang Hao 汪浩, Zhao Zifu 趙子夫 (2013). "Qilüe, Qizhi, Qilu bijiao yanjiu 《七略》《七志》《七錄》比較研究", Tushuguan xuekan 圖書館學刊, 2013 (11).
Wang Yuehong 王岳紅 (2006). "Lüelun Wang Jian de Qizhi ji qi shidai tezheng 略論王儉的《七志》及其時代特徵", Tushu qingbao gongzuo 圖書情報工作, 2006 (3).
Wu Feng 吳楓, ed. (1987). Jianming Zhongguo guji cidian 簡明中國古籍辭典 (Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe), 9.
Xu Gang 許剛 (2006). "Wang Jian Qizhi yu Ruan Xiaoxu Qilu xueshu chengjiu xinlun 王儉《七志》與阮孝緒《七錄》學術成就新論", Sichuan Tushuguan xuebao 四川圖書館學報, 2006 (2).
Xu Youfu 徐有富 (1985). "Yingxiang da de sijia mulu shi Qilu er fei Qizhi 影響較大的私家目錄是《七錄》而非《七志》", Jiangsu Tushuguan xuebao 江蘇圖書館學報, 1985 (6).
Yu Junrong 于峻嶸, Liu Liyuan 劉麗媛 (2012). "Lüelun Qilu yu Qizhi suo zong you bu tong, you jiao you qian shen 略論《七錄》與《七志》“所宗有不同”、“其教有淺深”", Hebei Beifang Xueyuan xuebao (Shehui kexue ban) 河北北方學院學報(社會科學版), 2012 (11).
Zhang Jiwen 張繼文 (2011). "Nanchao muluxuejia Wang Jian ji qi Jinshu qizhi lüelun 南朝目錄學家王儉及其《今書七志》略論", Ha'erbin Xueyuan xuebao 哈爾濱學院學報, 2011 (7).
Zhang Yuying 張鈺瑩 (2008). "Qianshuo Wang Jian Qizhi de muluxue jiazhi 淺説王儉《七志》的目錄學價值", Heilongjiang Jiaoyu Xueyuan xuebao 黑龍江教育學院學報, 2008 (10).